![]() ICT generally has offline (Off-Line) and online (In-Line) depending on the type of production. The main function is to test the short circuit and open circuit of the circuit board and various electronic parts such as PCB resistance, capacitance, Whether diodes, transistors, transistors, ICs and other parts are wrong, missing, defective, or poorly assembled, and clearly indicate the specific location of the defect to help users ensure the quality of the product and improve the efficiency of defective product inspection and repair. It is a PCB automatic tester, also known as PCB static tester (because it only inputs a small voltage or current to Test, will not damage the circuit board), online test is a test technology that does not disconnect the circuit and does not remove the PCB components. The Chinese name is online tester (or ATE Auto Test Equipment). ICT is the abbreviation of In Circuit Test. As a result, ICT technology has flourished. Therefore, the testing of PCB products has become an indispensable part of the PCB electronics manufacturing process. So all in all, it is simply easiest to read what is printed on the transistor and fetch the datasheet to know what you are working with and which pinout it uses.In the process of PCBA board processing, how to find poor quality in the production process early and analyze and solve it early can reduce losses and increase profits for the electronics manufacturing industry. But like I said, this is awfully general, and there may be many exceptions. JFETs are used to do very specialized things in analog circuits. If the transistor is controlled with current, then it's a BJT, if with voltage, it's a FET. If it drives a load, it can be determined if it is a N-FET or NPN if the transistor switches load ground or P-FET or PNP if it switches load supply. Unless the circuit is somewhat specialized, in general the transistors are BJTs or MOS FETs. ![]() The circuit around the transistor and how it is used may reveal clues about the type what it could be, or at least what it can't be.Įxtremely coarse determination is possible by measuring the circuit or just figuring out what the transistor does in a circuit. ID numbers or part numbers on the transistor tells what specific part it is, so looking it up reveals what it is and you can read the datasheet about important parameters. Testing is possible, assuming the transistor is not broken, but testing does not work while the transistor is in circuit. They all come in all shapes and have three pins. Looking at the transistor reveals nothing. I've found a lot of resources that explain the types, what they do, and their symbols, which is great for design, but I'm having a rough time finding resources that explain how to identify the type of transistor by examining the actual thing. I hope this isn't too open ended, if I knew more I'd ask something more specific. I'm putting together some notes I can keep in the garage with things like resistor color codes, the various things each component is called, their diagram symbol, what each pin does, etc. Are there any naming schemes that are in wide enough usage to bother with? Whether or not such tests will work while it's in the circuit or if it needs to be removed to know for sure. Rules like "if there's high/infinite resistance between pins 1 and 2.". Things I can easily determine by poking it with a basic multimeter. It has 3 pins on one side, it's D shaped, rectangular with through hole, hat shaped, round, Size, notches on the side, Any rules like "If it's D shaped, it's always a BJT" (is that true?) Assuming I don't want to bust out my laptop every time I see a transistor, what I can I determine? ![]() Obviously I could google whatever I find printed on the side of them, identify the manufacturer, etc. Transistors are confusing, because there's so many types and some are visually similar. I'm a beginner hobbyist, I'm trying to get to the point where I can look at a basic circuit (physical, not a diagram) and speculate on what it does.
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